Thannickal, T.C., Moore, R.Y., Nienhuis, R., et al. (2000) Hypocretin (orexin) deficiency in human narcolepsy. Nishino, S., Ripley, B., Overeem, S., Lammers, G.J., and Mignot, E. (2000) A mutation in a case of early onset narcolepsy and a generalized absence of hypocretin peptides in human narcoleptic brains. Peyron, C., Faraco, J., Rogers, W., et al. (1999) Narcolepsy in orexin knockout mice: molecular genetics of sleep regulation. (1999) The sleep disorder canine narcolepsy is caused by a mutation in the hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2 gene. (1979) Genetic factors in canine narcolepsy. (1974) Narcolepsy-cataplexy in a female dog. Mitler, M.M., Boysen, B.G., Campbell, L., and Dement, W.C. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. With these multiple narcoleptic dogs, the Stanford Canine Narcolepsy Colony was established, and a breeding program was initiated ( 2). Active recruiting efforts resulted in the acquisition of additional narcoleptic dogs in small breeds, and finally in 1976, four narcoleptic Dobermans (two males and two females, including two litter mates) were obtained ( 2). In 1973, the Center had the extraordinary good fortune to acquire a female miniature French poodle who exhibited cataplexy and sleep onset rapid eye movement (REM) sleep periods ( 1). The development of an animal model of narcolepsy was thus an urgent issue in the Stanford Sleep Research Center. Because of the nature and treatment of these accidents and unrelated illnesses patient specimens will generally not be available as uncontaminated neuropathological specimens of narcolepsy. Since narcolepsy does not directly cause death, patients may ultimately pass away from an accident or illness, making the clinical-neuropathological correlation difficult to obtain from human subjects. One of the major aims of the Stanford Sleep Research Center is to find the cause of human narcolepsy, a unique sleep disorder that affects 1 in 2000 of the general population.
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